Odisha has a well-developed transportation network, including roads, railways, airports, and seaports. Bhubaneswar, the state capital, is efficiently connected to the rest of India by air, rail, and road, with several highways undergoing expansion to four lanes for improved connectivity. The Odisha government has also proposed a mega metro rail project to enhance urban transportation by linking Puri, Bhubaneswar, and Cuttack through a metro train network. Additionally, a new expressway is being planned to connect Biju Patnaik International Airport in Bhubaneswar with the upcoming Shri Jagannath International Airport in Puri, further strengthening the state's transport infrastructure.
Odisha has a total of three operational airports, 16 airstrips and 16 helipads.The airport at Jharsuguda was upgraded to a full-fledged domestic airport in May 2018. Rourkela Airport became operational in December 2022.The Dhamra Port Company Limited plans to build Dhamra Airport 20 km from Dhamra Port.
Odisha has a coastline of 485 kilometres (301 mi). It has one major port at Paradip and few minor ports. some of them are:
Odisha's railway network is well-developed, connecting major cities to key destinations across India through daily and weekly trains. Most of the railway infrastructure in the state falls under the jurisdiction of the East Coast Railway (ECoR), which has its headquarters in Bhubaneswar. Additionally, some parts of the railway network are managed by the South Eastern Railway and the South East Central Railway, ensuring seamless connectivity within the state and beyond.